Joe McCullough
Joseph (Joe) McCullough who was murdered by Provisional IRA terrorists on 26 th February 1976
Joseph McCullough was a fifty-seven year old farmer and part-time member of the Ulster Defence Regiment. He was also a member of the Tullyvallen Orange Lodge, and lived on a small farm on the Castleblayney Road, Newtownhamilton.
who was stabbed to death by the Provisional IRA. His body was found a day later near his home.
Joe was staying with neighbours to avoid an attack as it had became clear that the PRA was systematically targeting members of his UDR company. On the day that Joseph was murdered, he had returned to his home in the evening to feed his dog. But an IRA gang were lying in wait to ambush him, and after stabbing him five times, they finished him off by twice cutting his throat. When he didn’t return, his neighbours went to Joseph’s farm and found him in the laneway. Joseph had sustained stab wounds to the head and neck. The nature of this murder was distinct and horrific it was a close quarters frenzied killing, which gives us some indication of the psychology of the killer. However this was not a random murder Joseph McCullough was the seventh person from Tullyvallen, in seven months, to be murdered by South Armagh PIRA, in their campaign of sectarian terrorism.
Joe was a member of the Orange Order and chaplain of Tullyvallen Orange Lodge. As a member of the Guiding Star Temperance Lodge, a couple of months earlier he’d been out on UDR patrol when the IRA attacked a meeting of the lodge at Tullyvallen, shooting dead five men, none of them in the security forces. Having narrowly missed becoming a victims of the Tullyvallan Massacre Joe would have know the risks of continuing to live and farm in the area. However like many of his friends and colleagues he was determined not to be driven off his land. Sadly he wasn’t the first of his family to be murdered by the IRA. A cousin, William Meaklin, had some time earlier been abducted from his mobile shop near Crossmaglen, tortured and murdered.
The message was clear to the isolated Protestant community - "YOU will be Next". However despite the risks and loss of loved ones and comrades these brave men held their ground, donned the uniform of the UDR and continued to defend their community.
Disabled Veterans’ Scholarships Fund
A scholarship fund supporting injured or disabled veterans and backed by the Veterans' Foundation is now open for applications for the new academic year.
The Disabled Veterans’ Scholarships Fund (DVSF) provides free education at The Open University (OU) for veterans injured or disabled during military service. There are 50 places available to start study in Autumn 2023 and applications close on Wednesday 5th July.
Of the two million armed forces veterans living in the UK, more than four in ten (44%) veterans who have a disability reported that they found the experience of finding the right job role as ‘difficult’.
Since it launched in 2018, the DVSF has awarded 262 scholarships to study at the OU and has helped veterans from a variety of different service backgrounds, and across the four home nations, who have physical or mental health challenges as a result of their time in the military.
One such veteran is Stuart Lawson, who was the recipient of a Disabled Veterans scholarship after serving in the Army for 19 years.
When a terrible accident turned his world upside down, Stuart was medically discharged from the Army and had to leave behind the only world he knew.
It was while undergoing gruelling rehabilitation that Stuart set himself a new goal to work towards – becoming a History teacher.
“The career I loved had been brought to a sudden halt," said Stuart,
"The military was my life. I was distraught and felt my life was meaningless. I had never been academic, didn’t enjoy my schooling and so I thought I didn’t stand a chance of being accepted.
But when the OU awarded me a scholarship, I just thought ‘Wow!’, I was so happy. It gave me a purpose."
"I still suffer from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) from my horrific accident and suffer from anxiety,” explained Stuart.
“I also still react to loud noises. But the OU has been really supportive in all this.
I want to send a huge thank you to the OU’s alumni and donors for giving me a chance to not just change my own life, but also to help educate and inspire my pupils of the future."
Successful applicants for the scholarship will receive full fee waivers for 120 credits per year and up to 360 credits in total, which is equivalent to a full honours degree.
It is deliberately flexible, and can be applied across both, undergraduate and post-graduate study, including access modules which are the OU’s short introductory courses.
Students will also have access to an expert team of specialist advisors who can help with disability and careers support.
Minister for Veterans' Affairs, Johnny Mercer said: "Veterans leave service with real skills and values that can't be gained elsewhere. I am delighted to see the continuation of the Open University grant programme, that gives our disabled veterans new avenues to explore, and doors to go through, as they adapt and bring the skills they have to the forefront of new opportunities post service."
Jhumar Johnson, Chief of Staff to the Vice-Chancellor at the OU, commented: “It is thanks to our generous donors that we are able to invite applications for our Disabled Veterans’ Scholarships Fund for the fifth year. The OU are experts at delivering education to students with disabilities and health challenges and we are delighted to be able to offer this potentially life-changing opportunity to veterans.”
The OU and its partners are hoping to attract applications from a broad range of disabled veterans who can take full advantage of this fantastic opportunity to build their confidence, skills, knowledge, and experience to thrive in employment and their communities.
Learn more and apply for your place before midnight on 5 July 2023.
Disabled Veterans' Scholarships | How to Pay | Open University
Veterans Mental Health
Mental health and suicide prevention training
Danny Kinahan, Veterans Commissioner with Alison Campbell, course trainer
The Commissioner’s Office, in conjunction with Rainbow Bright Training, is currently facilitating a number of mental health and suicide awareness training sessions to members of Royal British Legion branches, Ulster Defence Regiment and Royal Irish Associations.
Many veterans experience poor mental health and reaching out can be difficult because, despite many advances, there is still a stigma attached to the whole area of mental health.
Here in Northern Ireland we have our own bespoke circumstances where many veterans are reliving their lived trauma as they still live in their conflict zone. Research conducted in Northern Ireland by the Mental Health Foundation in 2016 show’s poor mental health is 25% more prevalent than that of England by comparison. What is also interesting to note, further research by the Mental Health Foundation found that young veterans are at a higher risk of suicide in the first 2 years after they leave service.
In this course, participants will learn the following:
– The factors that contribute to poor mental health, emotional distress, and suicide.
– The relevance of mental health and emotions to the prevention of suicide.
– A Mental Health First Responder Connect 4-Ways Model.
– Tools and resources for support.
– How to fortify life through self-care.
It is intended that this training programme will support us in our goal to reduce isolation and improve mental health outcomes for veterans and families of veterans through best practice in this field.
The next training sessions will take place on the following dates:
Tandragee Veterans Centre: Friday 21 April 23
Lisburn Royal British Legion: Friday 19 May 23
Limavady Services Club: Friday 9 June 23
If interested in participating in this training, please contact our office via email: commissioner@nivco.co.uk or Telephone: 07971833160
Supporting ‘The Greenfinches’.
NI Veterans Commissioner supports ‘The Greenfinches’.
I was disappointed, but unfortunately not surprised, to learn that Sinn Fein representatives on Armagh, Banbridge and Craigavon Borough Council have lodged a ‘call in’ legal challenge to a motion passed by a majority of councillors to pay tribute to the women who served in the the Ulster Defence Regiment, commonly known as the Greenfinches. This summer will mark the 50th anniversary since the first female recruits joined the ranks of the Ulster Defence Regiment. As Veterans Commissioner I will continue to call out this ongoing denigration and demonisation of our Armed Services and veterans, and will call out the misogyny of not recognising the important work of women in our Armed Forces, of which the Greenfinches were instrumental in contributing and expanding the roles available to women in supporting Operations.
Over the course of 22 years, 60,000 men and women wore the uniform of the Ulster Defence Regiment to help protect innocent civilians against the harm of terrorists that brought chaos and murder to our streets during the Troubles. These brave men and women did so with the understanding that their service placed them at risk every hour of every day – there was no respite on duty or off duty or even after they left the Regiment. Greenfinches were an important, unarmed part of providing this protection and sadly, there is a long Roll of Honour for those members of the Regiment who lost their lives at the hands of terrorism, of which four were Greenfinches. In total, 197 UDR soldiers and Greenfinches were killed both on and off duty, as well as over 60 killed after leaving the Regiment. Over 400 were seriously wounded and many still continue to suffer both psychologically and physically as a result of their service.
The brave men and women who served with the Ulster Defence Regiment, did so with great honour and dignity and stood against terrorism and all its horrors, on behalf of all society. I importantly note how families were impacted by terrorism, needing to check cars for bombs before getting in, and worried incase their loved ones might not return home after their shift. Many unfortunately still bear the pain of losing family members, whether as a member of the security services or indeed families from the innocent civilian population.
In 2006, when Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II, came to Belfast to present the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross to the Ulster Defence Regiment she said that the contribution of the Regiment to peace and stability within Northern Ireland had been unique and had required ‘uncommon courage and conviction’. Her Majesty reflected that ‘no challenge faced by the Ulster Defence Regiment went unmet, whatever the personal cost’.
Society should know and have the opportunity to recognise the extraordinary contribution these men and women have already made – and how they continue to do so to the present day.
I will recall one verse from a poem entitled ‘WUDR’, first published in 1983, that aptly summarises who the Greenfinches were:
‘We are the girls of the WUDR, Greenfinches is our common name,
But not one girl in the WUDR, is seeking fame or fortune,
For everyone in the WUDR, is willing to give a helping hand,
To help our country in its fight, and bring peace to our beloved land.’
As the voice for all veterans living in Northern Ireland, I will continue to speak up for them and again I pay tribute to the men and women who served and continue to serve in our Armed Forces, including the former members of the Ulster Defence Regiment CGC, ever remembering those who made the ultimate sacrifice in serving our country. Society owes deep thanks and gratitude to all of our Armed Forces veterans and their service should never be rewritten as anything other than duty and protection against the evils of terrorism.
Danny Kinahan
NI Veterans Commissioner
14 February 2023
Ballyclare UDR Memorial
Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) Memorial at Ballyclare War Memorial Park
A UDR Memorial was unveiled in a special service of dedication at Ballyclare War Memorial Park on Thursday 27 May. The service, led by Deputy Lieutenant for County Antrim , Mr Edward Montgomery MBE, DL and Mayor of Antrim and Newtownabbey Councillor Jim Montgomery, paid tribute to The Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1970-1992.
Amongst esteemed guests attending the service was Veterans Commissioner, Danny Kinahan DL, who was instrumental in this memorial. It was as a result of Danny’s motion to the Council in early 2020, whilst serving as an elected Member for Ballyclare and prior to taking up his new role, that the memorial was installed.
The Mayor, Councillor Jim Montgomery said; “It is fitting in the NI Centenary year that we pay tribute to this Northern Irish regiment for their years of service and the efforts they made to keep Northern Ireland safe during turbulent times. In particular, this memorial remembers all those who made the supreme sacrifice and lost their lives in and beyond service”.
Veterans Commissioner Danny Kinahan, DL added; “It is an honour to be present at the unveiling of this memorial to the Ulster Defence Regiment. Having first proposed that a memorial be established in Ballyclare during my time as a Councillor, it is a privilege to be here in my current role as Northern Ireland’s first Veterans Commissioner. It is important that this memorial highlights the tremendous contribution that the men and women of the Ulster Defence Regiment made during its 22 year history”.
In 1992, the UDR was amalgamated with the Royal Irish Rangers to form the Royal Irish Regiment. In 2006, the regiment was retroactively awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross.
Living Memorial Centre Development
AS FAIR marks its 25th Anniversary they have launched an exciting new Living Memorial Centre Development project. Over 15 years ago the group secured premises in Markethill. In what was the school masters house the group developed the first phase of their Living Memorial centre with a reception and administrative hub, meeting room and multi-purpose space, with kitchen. On the first floor an IT suite, and officers were developed. A memorial garden with a marble memorial funded and designed by friends and supporters on the mainland became the centrepiece with a place for victims to reflect and remember.
The group quickly outgrew the building and as new projects and activities were launched a number of temporary offices were placed on site. Over the last decade the group continued to develop the main building with an extended kitchen and disabled access toilets and storage. However as FAIR looked to its first quarter century one of the key priorities was a major development project to modernise and make their centre fit for the future. As members views were canvassed and professional advice Slough the project took shape with a range of new facilities and multiple-purpose spaces envisaged.
Meetings have already begun with the design team and the committee is turning its attention to fundraising. The ambitious target of £250,000 has been set - £10,000 for every year that FAIR has been in existence. The vision for the centre as a 'living memorial' remains strong and guides the group. It see the centre as a place of safety and support. FAIR has developed their facility at Mount Pleasant House as
An accessible, safe, friendly supportive and well resourced facility where victims can—
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Remember loved ones they have lost as a result of the past thirty years of terrorism.
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Meet and share within a social setting where they can share their experiences
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Access professional services to help them deal with their physical and mental trauma,
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Develop the skills, confidence and capacity needed to move on with their lives,
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Receive the support, advocacy and care they deserve from the group they created
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Deal with the Past and provide their interpretation of it in a positive way
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Reintegrate into the community forming practical partnerships that benefit all
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Become a valued group in society playing a full role in building lasting, genuine peace
Service and Supreme Sacrifice
For over 30 years the brave men and women of the UDR defended Northern Ireland from Irish Terrorists namely the IRA. Today they are in Iraq and Afghanistan.
RIR the Royal Irish Regiment formerly the UDR, Ulster Defence Regiment
The Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) was an infantry regiment of the British Army. It was a locally raised, part time and full time unit, intended to carry out security duties within Northern Ireland. It was amalgamated in 1992 with the Royal Irish Rangers, forming the Royal Irish Regiment (27th (Inniskilling) 83rd and 87th and Ulster Defence Regiment).
Birth of the Regiment
The birth of the Regiment was a result of the civil unrest of the late 1960s which had threatened to overwhelm the Royal Ulster Constabulary and which had led to the deployment of Regular Army units to assist the police. In 1969 the Hunt Report recommended the disbandment of the Ulster Special Constabulary and its replacement by a reserve element of the RUC and a locally-recruited part-time force, The Ulster Defence Regiment.
7 Battalions
Initially the Regiment had seven battalions: 1st (Co Antrim); 2nd (Co Armagh); 3rd (Co Down); 4th (Co Fermanagh); 5th (Co Londonderry); 6th (Co Tyrone) and 7th (City of Belfast). The UDR achieved the remarkable distinction of carrying out its first operational duties on the day on which it was formed, 1 April 1970.
1972
In 1972 four additional battalions were added to the Regiment's strength: these were 8th (Co Tyrone); 9th (Co Antrim); 10th (City of Belfast) and 11th (Craigavon) Battalions. By the end of 1972 the complement of The Ulster Defence Regiment had reached 9,200, its greatest strength. The regiment had been "called out" for periods of full-time service to meet operational requirements, including Operation Motorman in 1972.
Greenfinches
The following year, 1973, saw the introduction of female soldiers to the Regiment to carry out searching of females. From the beginning women were fully integrated, wearing the Ulster Defence Regiment's cap badge in which respect the Regiment was almost twenty years ahead of the rest of the Army. The women soldiers quickly became known as Greenfinches, a popular nickname which has stuck down through the years. More importantly, they played a vital part in the Regiment's operational role.
Operational Effeciency
From its earliest days, when patrols sometimes deployed in private cars and patrol commanders had to report in from telephone kiosks because of the inadequate range of the first radios, the Regiment rapidly increased its operational efficiency to the point where it was able to assume tactical responsibility for 85 per cent of Northern Ireland as the first line of support for the Royal Ulster Constabulary. As a result, the number of full-time soldiers also increased and by 1980 full-timers were in the majority.
Expertise
The Regiment had its own training establishment at Ballykinler which became its Depot and provided further training for the Regiment's soldiers in a range of skills. All ranks also began attending Regular Army courses at the Schools of Infantry, Intelligence and Military Engineering. As soldiers of the Ulster Defence Regiment concentrated on the internal security role the Regiment built up an expertise in such duties that remains unrivalled throughout the Army. Links were also created with the Army's administrative divisions which provided key personnel, including commanding officers, for their affiliated UDR battalions. Short tours with UDR battalions were also offered to officers throughout the Army.
Reductions
Further improvements in operational efficiency heralded a reduction in the number of battalions; in 1984, there were amalgamations in Antrim and Belfast to create 1st/9th (Co Antrim) and 7th/10th (City of Belfast) Battalions. The Regiment retained nine battalions until 1991 when 2 UDR and 11 UDR amalgamated as 2nd/11th Battalion, The Ulster Defence Regiment, and 4 and 6 UDR became 4th/6th Battalion.
Presentation of Colours
In 1991 the Regiment came of age: twenty-one years after formation, Colours were presented to four battalions at Lisburn by Her Majesty The Queen. This was a singular honour since it is rare that the Sovereign personally presents Colours, except to the Household Division. The remaining battalions received their Colours before The Ulster Defence Regiment became part of The Royal Irish Regiment.
Freedoms
The City of Belfast and a number of boroughs throughout Northern Ireland paid their own tribute to the Regiment by granting Freedoms while the community relations work of 7th/10th (City of Belfast) Battalion was recognised by the award of the Wilkinson Sword of Peace for 1990.
Today the RIR Ulstermen are in Afghanistan
A Heavy Price Paid for Peace
The price paid by The Ulster Defence Regiment was high: 197 soldiers were killed, the majority were off-duty, and a further 60 were killed after they had left the UDR. On the Regimental Roll of Honour the first name is that of Private Winston Donnell of 6 UDR, shot dead at a vehicle checkpoint near Clady, County Tyrone, on 9 August 1971. The Regiment had been called out following the introduction of internment that day.
Murdered
The men, and women, of the Regiment were not safe anywhere, nor at any time: more personnel were murdered while off duty, either at home or in the course of their civilian employment, than lost their lives in uniform. Even those who had left the Regiment did not always find safety; forty-seven former soldiers have been murdered after ceasing to be UDR personnel. Others, especially in the Fermanagh border area, were forced to move to safer areas and had to sell their homes and, sometimes, their land as a result of imminent terrorist threat.